The cargo export shipping process involves multiple key steps, ensuring efficient movement from origin to destination. Here’s a simplified breakdown of the process:

1. Booking the Shipment

Choose a Freight Forwarder or Shipping Line
Exporters can compare prices, services, and available routes to select the best partner. Larger carriers, like Maersk and MSC, offer broad global networks but may have higher costs. Smaller freight forwarders may provide more flexible pricing.

Submit the Booking Request
The exporter must provide details like the product type, quantity, weight, volume, ports of loading/unloading, and estimated shipping date.

2. International Ocean Freight

Receive Booking Confirmation
After receiving the booking request, the freight forwarder or shipping line arranges the shipment based on available space and cargo details. Once space is confirmed, they send a booking confirmation with the vessel’s name, voyage number, bill of lading, and expected departure date.

3. Cargo Packaging and Consolidation

Package the Cargo
Proper packaging is essential based on the nature of the cargo. Fragile items require cushioning like foam, and liquids need sealed containers. For example, ceramics may be wrapped in foam and reinforced with wooden slats in the outer box.

Consolidate the Cargo at the Port Warehouse
The cargo is transported to the port warehouse, either by the exporter’s transport or through the freight forwarder. The goods should be secured during transit to avoid any damage or loss.

4. Customs Declaration

Prepare the Necessary Documents
The exporter must prepare customs declarations, commercial invoices, packing lists, contracts, and power of attorney forms. These documents should include accurate cargo details, including the HS code, quantity, and value.

Submit the Declaration
Exporters can submit the customs declaration electronically or manually. Electronic submission streamlines the process, while manual submission may require physical documents for inspection.

Customs Inspection and Clearance
Customs may inspect the cargo using methods like X-ray or physical checks. Once the cargo passes inspection, customs releases it for export.

5. Loading onto the Vessel

Port Operations
At the terminal, cargo is loaded onto the vessel using cranes. The cargo is arranged based on weight, type, and destination.

Issue the Bill of Lading
After loading, the shipping company issues the bill of lading. This document serves as proof of receipt, transport contract, and title. It includes key details such as the vessel name, voyage number, and cargo description.

6. Transit and Shipping

Vessel Navigation
The vessel follows the planned route, with satellite tracking systems in place. If weather or unexpected events occur, the shipping line adjusts the route to ensure safety.

7. Discharge at Destination Port and Customs Clearance

Unload the Cargo
Upon reaching the destination, dock workers use cranes to unload the cargo. The goods are placed in a port warehouse or yard for further processing.

Customs Clearance at the Destination
The consignee must clear the cargo through local customs by submitting necessary documents like the bill of lading, commercial invoice, and packing list. After approval, the cargo is released for pickup.

By following this process, exporters ensure the timely and secure delivery of goods, meeting both customs and logistical requirements.